Wednesday, December 19, 2012

DNB Ortho December 2012


Paper 1 

1. Differentiate between: a) Primary bone healing and secondary bone healing.
b) DCP and locked compression plate
2. Define functional cast bracing. Discuss the indications and principles of applications of patellar tendon bearing cast.
3. Describe the biomechanics of hip. Discuss Trendelenburg test and gait.
4. Write short notes on:
a) Ganga score
b) Spine at risk sign
5. Describe the principles of ultrasonography. List the usage of ultrasonography in orthopedic practice.
6. Briefly describe methods to cover defects after excision of primary  malignant tumors of bone. What is extracorporeal irradiated tumour bone?
7. Write short notes on:
a) Scurvy
b) Hyperparathyroidism
8. Write short notes on: - 
a) Impact factor -
b) Plagiarism 
c) Randomized Control Trial (RCT)

 9. Describe the anatomy of posterior cruciate ligament. Discuss the  pros and cons of cruciate retaining Vs cruciate sacrificing total knee replacement.

10.  Bleeding disorders encountered in orthopedic practice. What is a hemophilíc pseudotumor? Discuss its management.

Paper 2

11.  Discuss the pathology, clinical features and management of synovial chondromatosis.
22. What is “Diffuse Interstitial Skeletal Hyperostosis' 
Describe the clinical features and its management.
33. What is compartment syndrome? Discuss aetiology, clinical picture and management of compartment syndrome of the leg.
44. What is surgical dislocation of the hip joint? Enumerate the indications and key technical steps.
55.     Write short notes on:
a) IT(Iliotibial) band contracture ín Polio
b) Strength duration curve

6. Write short notes on.
a) Giant cell variants
b) Psoas abscess

7. Define the “Borderline” patient in polytrauma. Discuss the clinical and investigative parameters to decide whether the patient should be managed by Early Total Care (ETC) Vs Damage Control Orthopedics -(DCO).

8. short notes on:
a) Management strategies `in a HIV patient with a fresh compound fracture of leg bones.
b) Mádelung defonnity.

9. Describe in brief etiology, pathology, clinical presentation and the principles of management of Charcots joints.

10. what is reverse shoulder replacement? How is it different from  conventional shoulder arthroplasty? Enumerate the indications  and biochemical basis of the design of this prosthesis.

Paper 3
1.      Discuss the pathogenesis. clinical features and management of  Dupuytren's contracture.
2.      Describe the classification, clinical features and management of  tibial hemimelia.
3.      Describe the flexor tendon zones of the hand. Describe the management of cut flexor tendons of middle finger in zone Ill.
4.      Describe the classification of Perthe's disease. Enumerate 'Head at Risk’ signs. List prognostic factors in Perthe’s disease.
5.      Write short notes on:
a) Electrodiagnosis in carpal tunnel syndrome
b) Salter's osteotomy
6          Write short notes on:
a) Isokinetic exercises
b) Steenbeek brace

6.       Describe the etiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of  renal osteodystrophy.
7.      Describe the pathology, clinical features, radiological findings and treatment of diaphyseal aclasis.
8.      What is crouch gait? How will you evaluate such a patient? Discuss the management.

9. Write short notes on:
a) Quadriceps contracture of infancy and childhood.
b) Pathoanatomy of clubfoot.

 Paper 4
1.      Classify acromioclavicular joint injuries. Discuss diagnosis and  management.

2.      Describe the mechanism of injury, classification and treatment of  Hangman’s fracture.
3.      Describe the mechanism of injury and classification of tibia! pilon  fracture. Discuss the management.
4.      Classify perioperative femoral stem fractures around the hip joint.  Discuss the treatment options.
5. Write short notes on: -
a)      Role of injectable methyl prednisolone in post traumatic spinal injuries.
b)       Classificatíon of incomplete spinal cord syndromes.
6. Classify acetabular fracture. Outline the treatment of each fracture type.
7. Define post traumatic stiff knee. Discuss in brief its causes, diagnosis and management.
8. What are the components of “Terrible triad of the Elbow"? Describe  the mechanism and principles of management.
9. Discuss the diagnosis of radial nerve palsy. Suggest the treatment guidelines for closed fracture of humerus with radial nerve palsy.
10. Define hierarchy of evidence. Define broad principles of each level of evidence.


Friday, June 22, 2012

DNB Orthopaedics Theory Paper June 2012


PAPER 1


11. Define MDR Tuberculosis. Discuss the clinical features, diagnosis and treatment of a case of MDR tuberculosis of spine (1+2+3+4)
22. Discuss the pathophysiology, clinical manifestations and Differential Diagnosis of Heterotopic Ossification (3+3+4)
33. Discuss treatment options of the focal cartilage defect over the medial femoral condyle in a 40 yr old man  (10)
44.  Discuss the management of deep vein thrombosis in orthopaedic patients
55.  Describe the illustrative diagrams of the surgical exposure of radius at various levels (10)
66.  Describe the surgical reconstruction in a case of one and a half yr old common peroneal nerve palsy  (10)
77.  Describe the principles of stabilization of foot
88.  write in brief (5+5)  a.Ceramic bearing surfaces in arthroplasty
                              b.Bone scan in musculoskeletal disorder.
99. Enumerate causes of claw hand deformity. Discuss its management in short (3+7)
110. Write brief notes on 4+(3+3)       a. Alendronate induced fractures
                                                    b.Diagnosis and treatment of osteomalacia





PAPER 2


1.Describe the treatment of acute flexor tendon injuries in various zones of hand  (10)

2.Describe the Aetiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of Madelung deformity(3+3+4)

3.Describe the clinical features ,diagnosis and management of tuberculosis hip in children(3+3+4)

4.Discuss the differential diagnosis and investigation in an 8 yr old child with persistent limp((5+5)

5.Classify congenital skeletal limb deficiencies(10)

6.Discuss in brief(5+5)     a.Sequelae of pyogenic arthritis of hip in infancy
                                      b.Intoeing gait

7.Describe the aetiopathology and management of SCFE(4+6)

8.write SN on (5+5)  a.FRO
                              b.IT(interferential therapy)

9.WRite brief notes on (5+5)     a.Role of orthosis in treatmnt of clubfoot
                                              b.patellar tendon bearing prosthesis

10.write brief notes on (5+5)     a.Clinical and radiological diagnosis of scurvy
                                             b.Adolescnt coxa vara

PAPER 3


1.  Describe the management of failed osteosynthesis of fracture neck of femur in a young adult(10)

2.Discuss the management of diaphyseal gap nonunion with 5 cm bone loss in a young adult(10)

3.Describe the tension band principle and how it is used in fracture care(5+5)

4.describe the classification of  thoracolumbar injuries and discuss the treatment of burst fracture L1(5+5)

5.Describe the classification, clinical features and management of Lisfranc's fracture dislocation(3+3+4)

6.Describe the Sander's classification of calcaneal fractures and discuss the treatment of each type (4+6)

7.Describe the classification of the distal humeral fractures  in adults. Describe the surgical approaches used for internal fixation of these fractures  (4+6)

8.Describe the blood supply of scaphoid. Discuss the treatment of nonunion of scaphoid  (4+6)

9.Describe the mechanism of injury of Radial head fracture. Discuss its classification and management  (3+3+4)

10.write SN on  (5+5)  a.External fixator in musculoskeletal injuries
                                 b.Antimicrobial prophylaxis to prevent surgical site infection.





PAPER   4


1.Describe the structure of bone with illustrative diagram(s)    (10)
2. List the factors affecting Ca metabolism. Describe the radiological features of rickets   (5+5)

3.write SN on nuclear medicine and its applications in orthopaedics   (5+5)

4.Discuss the anatomical basis of thoracic outlet syndrome and its management  (5+5)

5.Discuss the therapeutical potential  of stem cells in musculoskeletal disorders  (10)

6.Describe the musculoskeletal manifestations in sickle cell anaemia(10)

7.Describe the clinical features, laboratory findings and management of gout    (3+3+4)

8.Describe the gait cycle .List various types of gait with diagnostic features   (4+6)

9.Describe the methods used  for augmentation of fracture healing   (10)

10. Describe the role of Ultrasonography in musculoskeletal disorders   (10)